programmering – Morten Helmstedt

Besked når der åbnes for reservationer på [hypet restaurant i København]

En restaurant, jeg gerne vil prøve, er fuldstændig booket op og har endnu ikke åbnet op for reservationer i april. Hvordan kan jeg komme først til fadet?

Jeg besøgte reservationssystemet og iagttog hvordan det interne API spurgte om ledige borde.

Dette billede viser forespørgslen:

Forespørgslen om ledige borde til 2 personer

Dette billede viser svaret fra API’et:

Svar fra API’et: Ingen ledige borde (hvilket billedet også viser)

For april så svaret sådan her ud:

Hverken ledige eller optagede borde i april.

API’et svarer altså med en tom ‘data’-nøgle, når der ikke er åbnet for reservationer endnu.

Jeg skrev et lille program, som jeg har sat til at køre hvert 5. minut, for at tjekke om jeg kan komme til at reservere. Programmet tjekker, om der er kommet noget indhold i ‘data’-nøglen i svaret fra API’et. Hvis der er, sender det mig en besked om, at jeg godt kan komme i gang med at reservere bord.

Mit lille program, der gerne skulle give mig en fordel i kampen.

Næste skridt kunne være at udvide programmet, sådan det også reserverer bordet for mig. Men i første omgang prøver jeg at gøre den del af arbejdet selv.

Folkets wallnot.dk

En bruger på wallnot.dk skrev til mig og foreslog at lade brugerne på siden vurdere kvaliteten af de artikler, siden linker til, ligesom på fx Hacker News. Idéen er at gode artikler så kan ligge øverst, mens metervaren synker ned i bunden – hvis altså folket har forstand på at vurdere den slags.

Jeg forsøgte at lave en sådan løsning, og den kan du nu prøve af.

Dynamik med JavaScript

For at gøre det helt smart og dynamisk, havde jeg brug for noget JavaScript, der kan fyre en stemme af sted, så snart en bruger klikker på ▲ eller ▼.

Jeg er ikke helt ferm til JavaScript, men jeg begynder at forstå det, og med god hjælp og lidt copy/paste fra forskellige kilder, landede jeg til sidst på noget kode, der ser ud til at virke.

Den første del henter en såkaldt CRSF-cookie, der sørger for, at man er nødt til at besøge Wallnot, inden man kan stemme på artikler, og at man ikke kan stemme på vegne af andre fra andre hjemmesider.

Den anden del sender en forespørgsel af sted med cookie-værdien og selve stemmen og opdaterer stemmeantallet på siden, når forespørgslen er behandlet.

function getCookie(name) {
	let cookieValue = null;
	if (document.cookie && document.cookie !== '') {
		const cookies = document.cookie.split(';');
		for (let i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
			const cookie = cookies[i].trim();
			if (cookie.substring(0, name.length + 1) === (name + '=')) {
				cookieValue = decodeURIComponent(cookie.substring(name.length + 1));
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	return cookieValue;
}
const csrftoken = getCookie('csrftoken');

document.querySelectorAll('.vote').forEach(function(el){
  el.addEventListener('click', function() {
		article_votes_id = this.id.substring(0, this.id.indexOf('_')) + '_votes';
		votes_to_replace = document.getElementById(article_votes_id)
		fetch('/process_vote', {
			method: "POST",
			headers: {
				"X-CSRFToken": csrftoken,
			},
			body: JSON.stringify({
				vote: this.id
			})
		}).then(function (response) {
        return response.json();
    })
        .then(function (data) {
			votes_to_replace.innerHTML = data.votes;
        })
        .catch(function (err) {
            console.log(err);
        });
  });
});

Behandling af forespørgslen

Forespørgslen sender et artikel-id af sted sammen med information om der er tale om en ▲-stemme eller en ▼-stemme.

I Djangos views.py skriver jeg en funktion, der kan modtage forespørgslen og returnerer stemmeantallet efter forespørgslen er behandlet. Funktionen sender JSON-data tilbage til mit JavaScript, hvis (og kun hvis) stemmen har et eksisterende artikel-id efterfulgt af enten “_up” eller “_down”. For alt andet svarer funktionen tilbage, at den er en tepotte og derfor ikke kan hjælpe:

def process_vote(request):
	if request.method == "POST":
		try:
			vote = json.loads(request.body.decode())['vote']
			article_id = vote[:vote.index('_')]
			article = Article.objects.get(id=article_id)
			if '_up' in vote:
				article.votes += 1
			elif '_down' in vote:
				article.votes -= 1
			else:
				return HttpResponse(status=418)
			article.save()
			votes = {'votes': article.votes}
			return JsonResponse(votes)
		except:
			return HttpResponse(status=418)
	return HttpResponse(status=418)

En sorteringsalgoritme

Som det allersidste havde jeg brug for at udvikle en sorteringsalgoritme, der tog højde for artiklers alder, som jeg kunne bruge i mit view. Den tog lidt tid at skrive, fordi det nogle gange kan være svært at regne ud, hvordan man med Djangos databaseforespørgselssyntaks kan lave de beregninger, man har brug for, direkte med forespørgslen til databasen.

Algoritmen gør sådan her:

Tager antal stemmer og lægger 1 til. Hvis alle artikler starter på 1, forhindrer jeg at artikler med et positivt antal stemmer altid vil ligge over artikler uden stemmer overhovedet.
Deler dette tal med 1 plus antal timer siden artiklens offentliggørelsestidspunkt.
Antal timer udregnes ved at tage antal dage siden offentliggørelsestidspunktet og gange med 24 og dertil lægge det yderligere antal timer fra det samlede interval i dage og timer siden offentliggørelsestidspunktet.
For at undgå at komme til at dele med 0, lægger jeg 1 til antal timer og tager den absolutte værdi af antal timer siden offentliggørelsestidspunktet. Det er nødvendigt, fordi medierne engang imellem offentliggør artikler med et publiceringstidspunkt i fremtiden.
Fordi jeg deler stemmer med antal timer siden offentliggørelse, vil en nyhed hurtigt miste sin “værdi”. Hvis Folkets Wallnot ikke bliver en kæmpe succes, kan det være at jeg skal dele med antal dage i stedet, sådan “straffen” for at være en gammel artikel ikke bliver ligeså mærkbar.

Her er algoritmen skrevet som forespørgsel i Django:

articles = Article.objects.filter(paywall_detected=False)
    .annotate(score=ExpressionWrapper((F('votes') + 1) /
    (1+Abs(ExtractDay(Now()-F('date'))*24 + ExtractHour(Now()-F('date')))),output_field=FloatField()))
    .order_by('-score','-date')

Min egen private eReolen

Jeg kan godt lide at læse bøger, og mange af dem låner jeg på eReolen. Men for en bognørd er eReolen ikke særlig brugervenlig. Der er godt nok en masse mærkelige søgninger, man kan lave, hvis man er teknisk nok, men sådan noget som at se, hvad der rent faktisk er nytilføjede bøger, er svært at følge med i.

eReolen har godt nok en sektion, de kalder “nyheder”, med en søgning der i skrivende stund (februar 2022) hedder noget i retning af:

(dkcclterm.op=202112* OR dkcclterm.op=202201*) AND term.type=ebog and facet.category=voksenmaterialer

Slår man op i beskrivelsen af brøndindekser, kan man se at “dkcclterm.op” dækker over:

dkcclterm.op

Oprettelsesdato

Men hvordan kan det være, at en visning af nyheder søger på oprettelsesdatoer i december og januar? Det er februar nu.

Fordi “Oprettelsesdato” for en titel ikke er det samme som dato for titlens tilføjelse på eReolen. Hvad det betyder, ved jeg ikke med sikkerhed, men i hvert fald ikke titlens tilføjelse på eReolen.

Og det betyder, at der løbende kan dukke spændende bøger op, hvis “dkcclterm.op”-værdi ligger langt tilbage i tiden.

Og det betyder, at jeg kan risikere at misse noget, jeg gerne vil læse.

Hvad gjorde jeg så?

Jeg byggede min egen eReolen! Med en robot, der hver nat monitorerer, hvilke titler der rent faktisk er nye. Hver morgen ligger der en mail til mig om, hvor mange titler robotten har fundet, og hvis jeg har tid og kaffe til det, kan jeg kigge de nye titler igennem over morgenkaffen.

Det fungerer sådan her:

I Django byggede jeg en datamodel over titler med forskellige metadata:

from django.db import models
from isbn_field import ISBNField

class Author(models.Model):
	full_name = models.CharField('Forfatter', max_length=200, unique=True)
	birth_year = models.DateField(null=True)
	def __str__(self):
		return self.full_name

class Publisher(models.Model):
	publisher = models.CharField('Udgiver', max_length=200, unique=True)
	def __str__(self):
		return self.publisher

class Keyword(models.Model):
	keyword = models.CharField('Nøgleord', max_length=200, unique=True)
	def __str__(self):
		return self.keyword
		
class TitleType(models.Model):
	title_type = models.CharField('Type', max_length=200, unique=True)
	def __str__(self):
		return self.title_type

class Language(models.Model):
	language = models.CharField('Sprog', max_length=50, unique=True)
	def __str__(self):
		return self.language

class Isbn(models.Model):
	isbn = ISBNField(null=True, blank=True)
	def __str__(self):
		return self.isbn

class Audience(models.Model):
	audience = models.CharField('Målgruppe', max_length=200, unique=True)
	def __str__(self):
		return self.audience
	
class TitleFormat(models.Model):
	title_format = models.CharField('Format', max_length=50, unique=True)
	def __str__(self):
		return self.title_format

class Title(models.Model):
	added = models.DateField()
	object_id = models.CharField('Ereolen-id', max_length=50, unique=True)
	title = models.CharField('Titel', max_length=500)
	original_title = models.CharField('Originaltitel', max_length=500, default="")
	publish_date = models.DateField(null=True)
	dk5 = models.CharField('DK5-kode', max_length=10, default="")
	cover_url = models.URLField('Cover-url', max_length=500, null=True)
	ereolen_url = models.URLField('Ereolen-url', max_length=500)
	abstract = models.TextField(blank=True)
	dkcclterm_op = models.DateField()
	publisher = models.ForeignKey(Publisher, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
	language = models.ForeignKey(Language, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
	title_type = models.ForeignKey(TitleType, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
	title_format = models.ForeignKey(TitleFormat, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
	author = models.ManyToManyField(Author)
	keyword = models.ManyToManyField(Keyword)
	audience = models.ManyToManyField(Audience)
	isbn = models.ManyToManyField(Isbn)

	def __str__(self):
		return self.title	
	def get_authors(self):
		return " & ".join([author.full_name for author in self.author.all()])
	get_authors.short_description = "Author(s)"
	def get_isbns(self):
		return ", ".join([isbn.isbn for isbn in self.isbn.all()])
	get_isbns.short_description = "ISBN(s)"	
	def get_keywords(self):
		return ", ".join([keyword.keyword for keyword in self.keyword.all()])
	get_keywords.short_description = "Keyword(s)"		
	def get_audiences(self):
		return ", ".join([audience.audience for audience in self.audience.all()])
	get_audiences.short_description = "Audience(s)"

I Python skrev jeg en robot, der søger eReolen igennem, tilføjer nye titler til min database og ignorerer titler, der allerede er i databasen. Robotten satte jeg op til at køre hver nat på min server:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Author: Morten Helmstedt. E-mail: helmstedt@gmail.com
""" This program saves ebooks, audiobooks and podcasts from ereolen.dk to a local database
that can be used to detect new titles better than ereolen.dk's own search options """

import requests										# make http requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup						# parse html responses
from datetime import date							# create date objects
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta	# adding and subtracting months to dates
import re											# regex for publish year parsing
import psycopg2										# work with postgresql databases
from psycopg2 import Error							# database error handling

# Connect to database
try:
	connection = psycopg2.connect(user = "",
									password = "",
									host = "",
									port = "",
									database = "")
	cursor = connection.cursor()
except (Exception, psycopg2.Error) as error:
	print("Error while connecting to PostgreSQL", error)

# Set configuration options and global variables
base_url = 'https://ereolen.dk'
term_types = ['ebog','lydbog','podcast']
added = date.today()
number_of_months_to_search = 200
start_month = added - relativedelta(months=number_of_months_to_search-2)

# Search period list goes from current month plus one month and back to start_month
search_period = []
for i in reversed(range(0,number_of_months_to_search)):
	year_month_date = start_month + relativedelta(months=+i)
	year_month = [year_month_date.year, year_month_date.month]
	search_period.append(year_month)

# Crawl loop
title_counter = 0
for year_month in search_period:
	for term_type in term_types:
		start_date = date(year_month[0],year_month[1],1)
		dkcclterm_op_search = start_date.strftime("%Y%m")
		page = 0
		pages_left = True
		while pages_left == True:
			# Search for hits
			search_url = base_url + '/search/ting/dkcclterm.op%3D' + dkcclterm_op_search + '*%20AND%20term.type%3D' + term_type + '?page=' + str(page) + '&sort=date_descending'
			request = requests.get(search_url)
			result = request.text
			# If an error message is returned in the search, either no results are left, or ereolen.dk is down for some reason
			# In this case, the while loop is broken to try next item type and/or next year-month combination
			if 'Vi kan desværre ikke finde noget, der matcher din søgning' in result or 'The website encountered an unexpected error. Please try again later.' in result:
				pages_left = False
				break
			# Parse hits and get all item links
			soup = BeautifulSoup(result, "lxml")
			links = soup.find_all('a', href=True)
			item_links = {link['href'] for link in links if "/ting/collection/" in link['href']}
			# Go through item link
			for link in item_links:
				# Get id and check if link is already in databse
				object_id = link[link.rfind('/')+1:].replace('%3A',':')
				search_sql = '''SELECT * from ereolen_title WHERE object_id = %s'''
				cursor.execute(search_sql, (object_id, ))
				item_hit = cursor.fetchone()
				# No hits means item is not in database and should be added
				if not item_hit:
					### ADD SEQUENCE ###
					
					# Set full url for item					
					ereolen_url = base_url + link
					
					# Request item and parse html
					title_request = requests.get(ereolen_url)
					title_result = title_request.text
					title_soup = BeautifulSoup(title_result, "lxml")
					
					# TITLE FIELDS #
					
					# TITLE
					try:
						title = title_soup.find('div', attrs={'class':'field-name-ting-title'}).text.replace(" : ",": ")
					except:
						print("Ingen titel på:", ereolen_url)
						break	

					# ORIGINAL TITLE
					try:
						original_title = title_soup.find('div', attrs={'class':'field-label'}, string=re.compile("Original titel:")).next.next.text
					except:
						original_title = ''
					
					# PUBLISHED
					try:
						published = title_soup.find('div', class_={"field-name-ting-author"}).get_text()
						published = int(re.search("[(]\d\d\d\d[)]", published).group()[1:5])
						publish_date = date(published,1,1)
					except:
						publish_date = None

					# COVER URL
					try:
						cover_url = title_soup.find('div', class_={"ting-cover"}).img['src']
					except:
						try:
							data = {
							  'coverData[0][id]': object_id,
							  'coverData[0][image_style]': 'ding_primary_large'
							}
							response = requests.post('https://ereolen.dk/ting/covers', data=data)
							response_json = response.json()
							cover_url = response_json[0]['url']
						except:
							cover_url = ''
		
					# ABSTRACT
					abstract = title_soup.find('div', attrs={'class':'field-name-ting-abstract'}).text

					# DKCCLTERM_OP
					dkcclterm_op = start_date
					
					# FOREIGN KEY FIELDS #
					
					# LANGUAGE
					try:
						ereolen_language = title_soup.find('div', attrs={'class':'field-label'}, string=re.compile("Sprog:")).next.next.text
					except:
						ereolen_language = 'Ukendt'
					language_sql = '''SELECT * from ereolen_language WHERE language = %s'''
					cursor.execute(language_sql, (ereolen_language, ))
					try:
						language = cursor.fetchone()[0]
					except:
						language_insert = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_language(language) VALUES(%s) RETURNING id'''
						cursor.execute(language_insert, (ereolen_language, ))
						language = cursor.fetchone()[0]
	
					# PUBLISHER
					try:
						ereolen_publisher = title_soup.find('div', attrs={'class':'field-label'}, string=re.compile("Forlag:")).next.next.text
					except:
						ereolen_publisher = 'Ukendt'
					publisher_sql = '''SELECT * from ereolen_publisher WHERE publisher = %s'''
					cursor.execute(publisher_sql, (ereolen_publisher, ))
					try:
						publisher = cursor.fetchone()[0]
					except:
						publisher_insert = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_publisher(publisher) VALUES(%s) RETURNING id'''
						cursor.execute(publisher_insert, (ereolen_publisher, ))
						publisher = cursor.fetchone()[0]

					# TYPE
					try:
						ereolen_type = title_soup.find('div', attrs={'class':'field-label'}, string=re.compile("Type:")).next.next.text
					except:
						ereolen_type = 'Ukendt'
					type_sql = '''SELECT * from ereolen_titletype WHERE title_type = %s'''
					cursor.execute(type_sql, (ereolen_type, ))
					try:
						title_type = cursor.fetchone()[0]
					except:
						title_type_insert = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_titletype(title_type) VALUES(%s) RETURNING id'''
						cursor.execute(title_type_insert, (ereolen_type, ))
						title_type = cursor.fetchone()[0]

					# FORMAT
					try:
						ereolen_format = title_soup.find('div', attrs={'class':'field-label'}, string=re.compile("Ebogsformat:")).next.next.text
					except:
						ereolen_format = "Ukendt"
					format_sql = '''SELECT * from ereolen_titleformat WHERE title_format = %s'''
					cursor.execute(format_sql, (ereolen_format, ))
					try:
						title_format = cursor.fetchone()[0]
					except:
						title_format_insert = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_titleformat(title_format) VALUES(%s) RETURNING id'''
						cursor.execute(title_format_insert, (ereolen_format, ))
						title_format = cursor.fetchone()[0]				
					
					# DK5 - TODO: Not done yet
					dk5 = ""
					
					### SAVE BEFORE ADDING MANY-TO-MANY FIELDS ###
					title_data = (added,title_type,title,original_title,publisher,object_id,language,publish_date,cover_url,ereolen_url,title_format,abstract,dkcclterm_op,dk5)
					
					title_insert = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_title(added,title_type_id,title,original_title,publisher_id,object_id,language_id,publish_date,cover_url,ereolen_url,title_format_id,abstract,dkcclterm_op,dk5) VALUES(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s) RETURNING id'''
					cursor.execute(title_insert, title_data)
					title_id = cursor.fetchone()[0]
					connection.commit()
					
					# MANY-TO-MANY FIELDS #

					# AUDIENCE(S)
					try:
						audience_div = title_soup.find('div', attrs={'class':'field-label'}, string=re.compile("Målgruppe:")).next.next
						audiences = audience_div.find_all('span')
						audiences_list = [aud.text for aud in audiences]
					except:
						audiences_list = ['Ukendt']
					for audience in audiences_list:
						audience_sql = '''SELECT * from ereolen_audience WHERE audience = %s'''
						cursor.execute(audience_sql, (audience, ))
						try:
							audience_id = cursor.fetchone()[0]
						except:
							audience_insert = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_audience(audience) VALUES(%s) RETURNING id'''
							cursor.execute(audience_insert, (audience, ))
							audience_id = cursor.fetchone()[0]
						audience_relation_sql = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_title_audience (title_id, audience_id) VALUES (%s,%s)'''
						try:
							cursor.execute(audience_relation_sql, (title_id,audience_id))
						except:
							connection.rollback()
					
					# ISBN(S)
					try:
						isbn_div = title_soup.find('div', attrs={'class':'field-label'}, string=re.compile("ISBN:")).next.next
						isbns = isbn_div.find_all('span')
						isbns_list = [isb.text for isb in isbns]
						for isbn in isbns_list:
							isbn_sql = '''SELECT * from ereolen_isbn WHERE isbn = %s'''
							cursor.execute(isbn_sql, (isbn, ))
							try:
								isbn_id = cursor.fetchone()[0]
							except:
								isbn_insert = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_isbn(isbn) VALUES(%s) RETURNING id'''
								cursor.execute(isbn_insert, (isbn, ))
								isbn_id = cursor.fetchone()[0]
							isbn_relation_sql = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_title_isbn (title_id, isbn_id) VALUES (%s,%s)'''
							try:
								cursor.execute(isbn_relation_sql, (title_id,isbn_id))
							except:	
								connection.rollback()							
					except:
						pass
					
					# KEYWORDS(S)
					keywords_div = title_soup.find('div', attrs={'class':'field-name-ting-subjects'})
					if keywords_div:
						keywords = [link.text for link in keywords_div.find_all('a')]
						for keyword in keywords:
							keyword_sql = '''SELECT * from ereolen_keyword WHERE keyword = %s'''
							cursor.execute(keyword_sql, (keyword, ))
							try:
								keyword_id = cursor.fetchone()[0]
							except:
								keyword_insert = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_keyword(keyword) VALUES(%s) RETURNING id'''
								cursor.execute(keyword_insert, (keyword, ))
								keyword_id = cursor.fetchone()[0]
							keyword_relation_sql = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_title_keyword (title_id, keyword_id) VALUES (%s,%s)'''
							try:
								cursor.execute(keyword_relation_sql, (title_id,keyword_id))						
							except:
								connection.rollback()	

					# AUTHOR(S)
					creator_full = title_soup.find('div', attrs={'class':'field-name-ting-author'}).text.replace("Af ","")
					# Remove date of book
					creator = creator_full[:creator_full.rfind("(")-1]
					
					authors = creator.split(",")
					
					for author in authors:
						birth_year = None
						if ' (f. ' in author and not len(author) < 7:
							if 'ca. ' in author:
								author = author.replace('ca. ','')
							birth_year_string = author[author.index("(f.")+4:author.index("(f.")+8]
							if ')' in birth_year_string:
								birth_year_string = birth_year_string.replace(')','')
							birth_year = date(int(birth_year_string),1,1)
							author = author[:author.index(" (f.")]
						elif ' (f. ' in author:
							breakpoint()
							
						# Some times there are no authors, but still a published year
						if len(author) == 5 and "(" in author:
							author = ""
						
						if author:
							author = author.strip()
							author_sql = '''SELECT * from ereolen_author WHERE full_name = %s'''
							cursor.execute(author_sql, (author, ))
							try:
								author_id = cursor.fetchone()[0]
							except:
								if birth_year:
									author_insert = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_author(full_name,birth_year) VALUES(%s,%s) RETURNING id'''
									cursor.execute(author_insert, (author,birth_year))
								else:
									author_insert = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_author(full_name) VALUES(%s) RETURNING id'''
									cursor.execute(author_insert, (author, ))
								author_id = cursor.fetchone()[0]
							author_relation_sql = '''INSERT INTO ereolen_title_author (title_id, author_id) VALUES (%s,%s)'''
							try:
								cursor.execute(author_relation_sql, (title_id,author_id))
							except:
								connection.rollback()
	
					### SAVE ###
					connection.commit()
					title_counter += 1
			page += 1
connection.close()
print('Ereolen crawl ran')
if title_counter > 0:
	print('Added titles on ereolen:', title_counter)

Og i Djangos indbyggede administrationsinterface, kan jeg med fint overblik og gode søgnings-, sorterings- og filtreringsmuligheder få øje på en novellesamling af Georg Metz, der netop er dukket op i eReolen med en “dkcclterm.op”-værdi fra september 2013!

Min egen private eReolen. Beklager det bliver lidt småt.

Må jeg prøve?

Jeg ville gerne dele mit værktøj med andre, men det er ikke helt lige til at afklare, hvilke dele af eReolens bogdata, der er frie og offentlige, og hvilke der ejes af en (i mine øjne) lidt underlig konstruktion, der hedder DBC. Et KL-ejet firma (Kommunernes Landsforening), der tjener penge på at sælge data om bøger til – kommuner (og nogle andre aktører, som jeg gætter på næsten udelukkende er offentlige).

Jeg er ved at undersøge, hvad jeg kan offentliggøre uden at genere nogen eller bryde ophavsretsloven. Det kan godt være, det tager lidt tid.

Login på politiken.dk/Medielogin med Python

Her er et eksempel på et lille program, der logger ind på politiken.dk. Det kan (sikkert) nemt tilpasses til Jyllands-Posten og evt. andre steder, der bruger samme loginløsning:

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

def check_login_wall_presence(session):
	# For verification purposes a shared article with a passage behind loginwall with
	# is specified
	login_wall_article_url = 'https://politiken.dk/del/_gCmczAApUpA'
	passage_from_article = 'varieret kost og begrænset vægtøgning'
	check_loginwall = session.get(login_wall_article_url)
	if not passage_from_article in check_loginwall.text:
		return print('Loginwall is on')
	else:
		return print('Loginwall is off')

# Initiate a requests session
session = requests.Session()

# Check login wall status
check_login_wall_presence(session)

# Medielogin/Politiken username and password
username = ""		# ENTER E-MAIL
password = ""		# ENTER PASSWORD

# STEP ONE OF LOGIN: Visit login page in order to set cookies and process form fields
login_page_url = 'https://politiken.dk/medielogin/login'
login_page = session.get(login_page_url)
login_page_soup = BeautifulSoup(login_page.text, "lxml")

login_information = {}
login_page_inputs = login_page_soup.find_all('input')
for input in login_page_inputs:
	try:
		login_information[input['name']] = input['value']
	except:
		pass

login_information['Username'] = username
login_information['Password'] = password

# STEP TWO OF LOGIN: Post form data from login page
process_login_url = 'https://medielogin.dk/politiken/login'
step_two_login = session.post(process_login_url, data=login_information)
step_two_login_soup = BeautifulSoup(step_two_login.text, "lxml")

# Get form destination
login_form = step_two_login_soup.find('form')
login_form_destination = login_form['action']

# Process form fields
step_two_information = {}
login_inputs = step_two_login_soup.find_all('input')
for input in login_inputs:
	try:
		step_two_information[input['name']] = input['value']
	except:
		pass

# STEP THREE OF LOGIN: Post form data to form destination
complete_login = session.post(login_form_destination, data=step_two_information)

# Check login wall status
check_login_wall_presence(session)

Kodejulekalender

Ovre på https://adventofcode.com/ kan man hver dag finde to kodeopgaver og prøve at løse dem. Det er nærmest som kryds-og-tværs eller sudoko, bare med kode i stedet. Her er mine løsninger.

Dag 11, del 2:

octopi = '''6744638455
3135745418
4754123271
4224257161
8167186546
2268577674
7177768175
2662255275
4655343376
7852526168'''

octopusses =[]
index = 0
line_counter = 0
for oct in octopi:
	if oct == "\n":
		line = octopusses.append([])
		line_counter += 1
	elif index == 0:
		line = octopusses.append([])
		octopusses[line_counter].append(int(oct))
		index += 1
	else:
		octopusses[line_counter].append(int(oct))

number_of_rows = len(octopusses)
numbers_per_row = len(octopusses[0])

def get_valid_neighbours(point):
	neighbours = [
		[point[0]-1, point[1]],
		[point[0]-1, point[1]+1],
		[point[0], point[1]+1],
		[point[0]+1, point[1]+1],
		[point[0]+1, point[1]],
		[point[0]+1, point[1]-1],
		[point[0], point[1]-1],
		[point[0]-1, point[1]-1],
	]
	valid_neighbours = []
	for neighbour in neighbours:
		if not neighbour[0] < 0 and not neighbour[0] > number_of_rows - 1 and not neighbour[1] < 0 and not neighbour[1] > numbers_per_row - 1:
			valid_neighbours.append(neighbour)
	return valid_neighbours

def get_neighbours_with_energy_level_10(neighbours, energy_levels):
	ten_count = 0
	for neighbour in neighbours:
		try:
			if energy_levels[neighbour[0]][neighbour[1]] == "flash":
				ten_count += 1
		except:
			print(neighbours)
			breakpoint()
	return ten_count

def flash_octopusses(energy_levels):
	updated_energy_levels = []
	row_number = 0
	for row in energy_levels:
		updated_energy_levels.append([])
		column = 0
		for octopus in row:
			if not octopus == "flash":
				if octopus < 10 and not octopus == 0:
					neighbours = get_valid_neighbours([row_number, column])
					energy_level_rise = get_neighbours_with_energy_level_10(neighbours, energy_levels)
					octopus += energy_level_rise
					if octopus > 10:
						octopus = 10
					updated_energy_levels[row_number].append(octopus)
				else:
					updated_energy_levels[row_number].append(octopus)
			else:
				updated_energy_levels[row_number].append(octopus)
			column += 1
		row_number += 1
	ten_in_levels = ten_in_energy_levels(updated_energy_levels)
	if ten_in_levels:
		replace = replace_ten_with_flash_and_flash_with_zero(updated_energy_levels)
	else:
		return step_octopusses.append(updated_energy_levels)

def replace_ten_with_flash_and_flash_with_zero(energy_levels):
	updated_energy_levels = []
	row_number = 0
	for row in energy_levels:
		updated_energy_levels.append([])
		column = 0
		for octopus in row:
			if octopus == 10:
				octopus = "flash"
			elif octopus == "flash":
				octopus = 0
			updated_energy_levels[row_number].append(octopus)
			column += 1
		row_number += 1
	return flash_octopusses(updated_energy_levels)

# Determine whether at least one octopus has 10 in energy levels
def ten_in_energy_levels(energy_levels):
	for row in energy_levels:
		for octopus in row:
			if octopus == "flash":
				return True
	return False			

def add_one_to_levels(octopusses):	
	energy_levels = []
	for line in octopusses:
		octopi_in_line = []
		for octopus in line:
			octopus += 1
			if octopus == 10:
				octopus = "flash"
			octopi_in_line.append(octopus)
		energy_levels.append(octopi_in_line)
	octopusses = energy_levels
	return octopusses
	
# First part of step
step_octopusses = []
number_of_steps = 1000
for i in range(number_of_steps):
	octopusses = add_one_to_levels(octopusses)
	ten_in_levels = ten_in_energy_levels(octopusses)
	if ten_in_levels:
		flash_octopusses(octopusses)
		octopusses = step_octopusses[-1]
	else:
		step_octopusses.append(octopusses)

flashes = 0
step_counter = 0
for step in step_octopusses:
	flashes_per_step = 0
	for row in step:
		for number in row:
			if number == 0:
				flashes += 1
				flashes_per_step += 1
	step_counter += 1
	if flashes_per_step == 100:
		print(step_counter)
		break

Dag 11, del 1:

Arrghhh.

octopi = '''6744638455
3135745418
4754123271
4224257161
8167186546
2268577674
7177768175
2662255275
4655343376
7852526168'''

octopusses =[]
index = 0
line_counter = 0
for oct in octopi:
	if oct == "\n":
		line = octopusses.append([])
		line_counter += 1
	elif index == 0:
		line = octopusses.append([])
		octopusses[line_counter].append(int(oct))
		index += 1
	else:
		octopusses[line_counter].append(int(oct))

number_of_rows = len(octopusses)
numbers_per_row = len(octopusses[0])

def get_valid_neighbours(point):
	neighbours = [
		[point[0]-1, point[1]],
		[point[0]-1, point[1]+1],
		[point[0], point[1]+1],
		[point[0]+1, point[1]+1],
		[point[0]+1, point[1]],
		[point[0]+1, point[1]-1],
		[point[0], point[1]-1],
		[point[0]-1, point[1]-1],
	]
	valid_neighbours = []
	for neighbour in neighbours:
		if not neighbour[0] < 0 and not neighbour[0] > number_of_rows - 1 and not neighbour[1] < 0 and not neighbour[1] > numbers_per_row - 1:
			valid_neighbours.append(neighbour)
	return valid_neighbours

def get_neighbours_with_energy_level_10(neighbours, energy_levels):
	ten_count = 0
	for neighbour in neighbours:
		try:
			if energy_levels[neighbour[0]][neighbour[1]] == "flash":
				ten_count += 1
		except:
			print(neighbours)
			breakpoint()
	return ten_count

def flash_octopusses(energy_levels):
	updated_energy_levels = []
	row_number = 0
	for row in energy_levels:
		updated_energy_levels.append([])
		column = 0
		for octopus in row:
			if not octopus == "flash":
				if octopus < 10 and not octopus == 0:
					neighbours = get_valid_neighbours([row_number, column])
					energy_level_rise = get_neighbours_with_energy_level_10(neighbours, energy_levels)
					octopus += energy_level_rise
					if octopus > 10:
						octopus = 10
					updated_energy_levels[row_number].append(octopus)
				else:
					updated_energy_levels[row_number].append(octopus)
			else:
				updated_energy_levels[row_number].append(octopus)
			column += 1
		row_number += 1
	ten_in_levels = ten_in_energy_levels(updated_energy_levels)
	if ten_in_levels:
		replace = replace_ten_with_flash_and_flash_with_zero(updated_energy_levels)
	else:
		return step_octopusses.append(updated_energy_levels)

def replace_ten_with_flash_and_flash_with_zero(energy_levels):
	updated_energy_levels = []
	row_number = 0
	for row in energy_levels:
		updated_energy_levels.append([])
		column = 0
		for octopus in row:
			if octopus == 10:
				octopus = "flash"
			elif octopus == "flash":
				octopus = 0
			updated_energy_levels[row_number].append(octopus)
			column += 1
		row_number += 1
	return flash_octopusses(updated_energy_levels)

# Determine whether at least one octopus has 10 in energy levels
def ten_in_energy_levels(energy_levels):
	for row in energy_levels:
		for octopus in row:
			if octopus == "flash":
				return True
	return False			

def add_one_to_levels(octopusses):	
	energy_levels = []
	for line in octopusses:
		octopi_in_line = []
		for octopus in line:
			octopus += 1
			if octopus == 10:
				octopus = "flash"
			octopi_in_line.append(octopus)
		energy_levels.append(octopi_in_line)
	octopusses = energy_levels
	return octopusses
	
# First part of step
step_octopusses = []
number_of_steps = 100
for i in range(number_of_steps):
	octopusses = add_one_to_levels(octopusses)
	ten_in_levels = ten_in_energy_levels(octopusses)
	if ten_in_levels:
		flash_octopusses(octopusses)
		octopusses = step_octopusses[-1]
	else:
		step_octopusses.append(octopusses)

flashes = 0
for step in step_octopusses:
	for row in step:
		for number in row:
			if number == 0:
				flashes += 1
print(flashes)

Dag 10, del 2:

lines = []
with open("input_day10.txt", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		f = f.replace("\n","")
		lines.append(f)

opening_characters = ["(", "<", "{", "["]
closing_characters = [")", ">", "}", "]"]

def check_numbers_between(match_indexes, character_index, i):
	for number_between in range(character_index - i + 1, character_index):
		if number_between not in match_indexes:
			return False
	return True

corrupted_lines = []
illegal_characters = []
for line in lines:
	closing_characters_list = sorted([index for index, character in enumerate(line) for closing_character in closing_characters if character == closing_character])
	used_character_indexes = []
	match_indexes = []
	for character_index in closing_characters_list:
		closing_character = line[character_index]
		correct_opening_character = opening_characters[closing_characters.index(closing_character)]
		found_a_match = False
		for i in range(1, character_index + 1, 2):
			if line[character_index - i] == correct_opening_character and character_index - i not in used_character_indexes:
				used_character_indexes.append(character_index - i)
				# Check in match_indexes whether everything within a match range is covered by already detected matches
				if i > 1:
					found_a_match = check_numbers_between(match_indexes, character_index, i)
					if found_a_match == False:
						break
				match_indexes.append(character_index - i)
				match_indexes.append(character_index)
				found_a_match = True	
				break
		if found_a_match == False:
			illegal_characters.append(closing_character)
			corrupted_lines.append(line)
			break

incomplete_lines = [line for line in lines if line not in corrupted_lines]
scores = []
for line in incomplete_lines:
	closing_characters_list = sorted([index for index, character in enumerate(line) for closing_character in closing_characters if character == closing_character])
	used_character_indexes = []
	match_indexes = []	
	for character_index in closing_characters_list:
		closing_character = line[character_index]
		correct_opening_character = opening_characters[closing_characters.index(closing_character)]
		found_a_match = False
		for i in range(1, character_index + 1, 2):
			if line[character_index - i] == correct_opening_character and character_index - i not in used_character_indexes:
				used_character_indexes.append(character_index - i)
				match_indexes.append(character_index - i)
				match_indexes.append(character_index)
				break
	indexes_of_tags_to_close = []
	for i in range(len(line)):
		if i not in match_indexes:
			indexes_of_tags_to_close.append(i)
	end_string = ""
	for index in reversed(indexes_of_tags_to_close):
		character = line[index]
		open_character_position = opening_characters.index(character)
		closing_character = closing_characters[open_character_position]
		end_string += closing_character
	score = 0
	for character in end_string:
		score = 5 * score
		if character == ")":
			score += 1
		elif character == "]":
			score += 2
		elif character == "}":
			score += 3		
		elif character == ">":
			score += 4
	scores.append(score)
sorted_scores = sorted(scores)
scores_length = len(sorted_scores)
middle_score = sorted_scores[int((scores_length-1)/2)]
print(middle_score)

Dag 10, del 1:

Nu er jeg ved at nå grænsen for, hvad jeg kan finde ud af inden for rimelig tid.

lines = []
with open("input_day10.txt", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		f = f.replace("\n","")
		lines.append(f)

opening_characters = ["(", "<", "{", "["]
closing_characters = [")", ">", "}", "]"]

def check_numbers_between(match_indexes, character_index, i):
	for number_between in range(character_index - i + 1, character_index):
		if number_between not in match_indexes:
			return False
	return True

illegal_characters = []
for line in lines:
	closing_characters_list = sorted([index for index, character in enumerate(line) for closing_character in closing_characters if character == closing_character])
	used_character_indexes = []
	match_indexes = []
	for character_index in closing_characters_list:
		closing_character = line[character_index]
		correct_opening_character = opening_characters[closing_characters.index(closing_character)]
		found_a_match = False
		for i in range(1, character_index + 1, 2):
			if line[character_index - i] == correct_opening_character and character_index - i not in used_character_indexes:
				used_character_indexes.append(character_index - i)
				# Check in match_indexes whether everything within a match range is covered by already detected matches
				if i > 1:
					found_a_match = check_numbers_between(match_indexes, character_index, i)
					if found_a_match == False:
						break
				match_indexes.append(character_index - i)
				match_indexes.append(character_index)
				found_a_match = True	
				break
		if found_a_match == False:
			illegal_characters.append(closing_character)
			break
points = 0
for character in illegal_characters:
	if character == closing_characters[0]:
		points += 3
	elif character == closing_characters[1]:
		points += 25137
	elif character == closing_characters[2]:
		points += 1197
	elif character == closing_characters[3]:
		points += 57
print(points)

Dag 9, del 2:

points = []
with open("input_day9", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		f = f.replace("\n","")
		points.append([int(value) for value in f])

number_of_rows = len(points)
numbers_per_row = len(points[0])

low_point_coordinates = []
low_points = []
row_index = 0
for row in points:
	point_index = 0
	for point in row:
		# First row
		if row_index == 0 and point_index == 0:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point:
				low_point_coordinates.append([row_index, point_index])
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif row_index == 0 and point_index == numbers_per_row - 1:
			if row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point:
				low_point_coordinates.append([row_index, point_index])
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif row_index == 0:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point:
				low_point_coordinates.append([row_index, point_index])
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif row_index == number_of_rows - 1 and point_index == 0:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_point_coordinates.append([row_index, point_index])
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif row_index == number_of_rows - 1 and point_index == numbers_per_row - 1:
			if row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_point_coordinates.append([row_index, point_index])
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif row_index == number_of_rows - 1:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_point_coordinates.append([row_index, point_index])
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif point_index == 0:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_point_coordinates.append([row_index, point_index])
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif point_index == numbers_per_row - 1:
			if row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_point_coordinates.append([row_index, point_index])
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		else:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_point_coordinates.append([row_index, point_index])
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		point_index += 1
	row_index += 1

def get_neighbours(point):
	neighbours = [
		[point[0], point[1]+1],
		[point[0], point[1]-1],
		[point[0]+1, point[1]],
		[point[0]-1, point[1]],
	]
	for neighbour in neighbours:
		if not neighbour[0] < 0 and not neighbour[0] > number_of_rows - 1 and not neighbour[1] < 0 and not neighbour[1] > numbers_per_row - 1:
				if points[neighbour[0]][neighbour[1]] != 9 and neighbour not in valid_neighbours:
					valid_neighbours.append(neighbour)
					get_neighbours(neighbour)
	return valid_neighbours

basins = []
for low_point in low_point_coordinates:
	valid_neighbours = []
	valid_neighbours.append(low_point)
	neighbours = get_neighbours(low_point)
	basins.append(neighbours)
basins.sort(key=len, reverse=True)
product_of_large_basins = len(basins[0]) * len(basins[1]) * len(basins[2])
print(product_of_large_basins)

Dag 9, del 1:

points = []
with open("input_day9", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		f = f.replace("\n","")
		points.append([int(value) for value in f])

number_of_rows = len(points)
numbers_per_row = len(points[0])

low_points = []
row_index = 0
for row in points:
	point_index = 0
	for point in row:
		# First row
		if row_index == 0 and point_index == 0:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point:
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif row_index == 0 and point_index == numbers_per_row - 1:
			if row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point:
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif row_index == 0:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point:
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif row_index == number_of_rows - 1 and point_index == 0:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif row_index == number_of_rows - 1 and point_index == numbers_per_row - 1:
			if row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif row_index == number_of_rows - 1:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif point_index == 0:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		elif point_index == numbers_per_row - 1:
			if row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		else:
			if row[point_index + 1] > point and row[point_index - 1] > point and points[row_index + 1][point_index] > point and points[row_index - 1][point_index] > point:
				low_points.append(point + 1)
		point_index += 1
	row_index += 1
print(sum(low_points))

Dag 8, del 2:

def get_mapping(signals):
	zero = ""
	one = ""
	two = ""
	three = ""
	four = ""
	five = ""
	six = ""
	seven = ""
	eight = ""
	nine = ""
	digits = {
		5: [],
		6: []
	}
	
	for signal in signals:
		if len(signal) == 2:
			one = signal
		elif len(signal) == 3:
			seven = signal
		elif len(signal) == 4:
			four = signal
		elif len(signal) == 7:
			eight = signal
		elif len(signal) == 5:
			digits[5].append(signal)
		elif len(signal) == 6:
			digits[6].append(signal)
	
	# Only one of 2, 3 and 5 (five segments) has both segments of 1: 3
	for signal in digits[5]:
		count = 0
		for letter in one:
			if letter in signal:
				count += 1
		if count == 2:
			three = signal
			digits[5].remove(signal)
	# Of 2 and 5, only 5 has both b and d from 4, which can be determined by getting the difference between 4 and 1:
	four_one_difference = ""
	for character in four:
		if character not in one:
			four_one_difference += character
	for signal in digits[5]:
		for character in four_one_difference:
			if character not in signal:
				two = signal
				digits[5].remove(signal)
	five = digits[5][0]
	# Zero is the only 6-segment number that doesn't have d
	for signal in digits[6]:
		for character in four_one_difference:
			if character not in signal:
				zero = signal
				digits[6].remove(signal)
	# Six does not have both c and f from one
	for signal in digits[6]:
		for character in one:
			if character not in signal:
				six = signal
				digits[6].remove(signal)
	nine = digits[6][0]
	return [zero,one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine]
		
sum_of_output_values = 0
with open("input_day8", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		f = f.replace("\n","")
		signals = f[:f.index(" | ")].split(" ")
		mappings = get_mapping(signals)
		mappings_alphabetical = [sorted(list(digit)) for digit in mappings]
		output = f[f.index(" | ")+3:].split(" ")
		output_alphabetical = [sorted(list(digit)) for digit in output]
		output_value = ""
		for value in output_alphabetical:
			number = mappings_alphabetical.index(value)
			output_value += str(number)
		output_value = int(output_value)	
		sum_of_output_values += output_value
print(sum_of_output_values)

Dag 8, del 1:

segment_lengths = [2,3,4,7]
count_of_unique_digits = 0
with open("input_day8", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		f = f.replace("\n","")
		output = f[f.index(" | ")+3:].split(" ")
		for value in output:
			if len(value) in segment_lengths:
				count_of_unique_digits += 1	
print(count_of_unique_digits)

Dag 7, del 2:

initial = [1101,1,29,67,1102,0,1,65,1008,65,35,66,1005,66,28,1,67,65,20,4,0,1001,65,1,65,1106,0,8,99,35,67,101,99,105,32,110,39,101,115,116,32,112,97,115,32,117,110,101,32,105,110,116,99,111,100,101,32,112,114,111,103,114,97,109,10,478,1187,253,1892,900,155,20,787,17,248,1397,407,167,686,638,1020,960,124,840,220,1824,700,373,4,551,229,294,567,254,350,1144,679,124,361,145,483,335,202,1334,367,60,870,11,557,482,645,672,1296,1538,427,78,542,1135,13,65,0,140,705,13,642,187,1085,36,1118,349,601,382,584,941,26,949,200,763,198,430,204,1352,1135,210,342,11,1089,830,1523,9,523,167,762,254,805,8,132,29,102,1299,936,756,59,134,183,235,316,139,48,182,44,88,213,113,93,169,565,601,1899,1191,189,796,770,32,1183,365,374,867,918,1084,86,75,20,47,99,1140,2,99,1024,366,455,752,556,1220,66,326,450,213,1,342,756,49,675,160,280,68,221,193,379,88,179,94,16,109,570,1145,1207,824,355,1389,1601,168,86,236,923,120,759,14,478,460,84,167,1723,1005,269,6,171,861,311,832,952,701,3,1598,1466,96,780,57,161,631,572,276,105,594,276,17,405,688,1444,173,23,199,177,689,19,565,472,151,986,76,379,1430,212,928,106,25,143,84,833,942,860,1555,271,239,720,596,1209,235,535,361,1794,79,283,275,17,342,1687,1434,173,967,740,217,1370,18,1579,1259,546,94,623,475,834,1000,456,101,520,120,1023,360,167,213,617,42,1149,629,760,17,33,27,1347,414,646,1116,1340,134,259,143,407,249,328,968,677,241,438,98,313,27,791,1,634,3,918,1482,213,123,444,45,24,26,26,1203,64,67,1562,1,4,298,12,384,32,443,37,268,674,356,202,286,694,272,163,950,1022,54,59,21,73,519,462,106,76,1112,10,72,388,194,6,120,9,645,209,1121,75,599,362,661,439,69,62,339,390,23,1247,365,1266,4,246,511,47,467,134,276,497,130,458,427,669,1191,701,917,168,1191,294,641,236,801,375,106,872,800,87,356,583,1096,253,459,951,1331,719,66,1091,525,15,370,290,141,1201,30,43,37,76,1131,616,297,172,402,1016,654,301,63,872,303,69,1195,502,351,52,1659,86,104,294,807,166,120,190,333,60,283,819,198,184,144,278,343,1395,496,103,705,485,172,642,225,181,583,188,38,436,801,91,5,634,180,28,20,146,488,676,121,420,965,220,1564,1011,241,423,3,1631,709,106,725,164,1032,65,205,503,188,397,1072,49,121,761,721,249,418,87,126,258,712,500,435,157,127,681,108,270,647,504,505,83,407,212,165,1177,160,715,1292,491,195,141,25,829,1316,242,754,364,1707,33,594,434,488,368,298,183,1156,29,1674,537,378,8,9,860,240,571,749,471,331,501,156,62,427,1103,52,12,832,1198,284,388,827,556,194,288,218,397,84,1485,95,401,739,986,994,305,668,1324,1437,312,993,15,822,923,707,135,42,423,37,1183,1344,997,19,699,395,119,7,168,1711,50,151,38,20,163,686,1364,21,24,411,32,335,188,55,628,274,1766,439,180,286,1024,87,15,1498,290,561,971,32,294,67,113,219,42,18,715,3,664,242,583,221,1045,236,74,46,1612,639,325,164,100,69,518,38,502,26,329,112,1174,127,124,90,144,527,468,152,1098,800,125,349,191,290,191,27,651,446,267,9,1304,269,586,64,983,152,236,512,8,248,177,109,311,957,47,126,69,13,709,204,381,1151,580,340,994,865,258,190,9,1149,930,1128,321,100,471,0,507,1308,326,585,813,1088,76,174,333,387,631,186,430,988,24,820,11,45,173,167,1494,98,1467,456,167,21,1363,1173,394,318,1601,1111,1249,757,282,672,1227,1214,277,336,815,136,1192,681,689,431,130,1488,154,465,14,709,339,1123,68,151,1280,143,1797,23,250,1231,1007,302,1103,2,585,552,1732,994,225,771,1495,82,229,700,910,15,38,159,1122,316,1044,711,1436,920,1722,523,1398,188,443,1032,93,33,397,272,187,24,489,53,79,1277,671,1094,68,1705,984,1096,512,145,389,167,161,1174,94,4,534,1295,648,75,24,366,995,175,220,714,843,412,267,634,1209,66,1094,125,822,1114,1513,694,1520,30,676,817,245,26,77,1146,552,143,165,39,343,971,87,0,90,1434,588,616,99,297,1034,114,5,702,917,582,733,31,54,820,0,212,192,282,33,639,1661,460,75,680,115,178,194,271,274,582,1008,89,139,611,707,0,376,65,9,161,135,40,134,566,66,601,95,817,745,202,352,447,322,842,6,1247,175,468,330,608,368,139,21,29,486,121,9,1293,298,73,328,302,145,889,1794,677,56,952,520,80]
minimum_value = min(initial)
maximum_value = max(initial)

def get_fuel_use(distance):
	fuel_use = 0
	if distance == 0:
		return fuel_use
	for i in range(distance+1):
		fuel_use += i
	return fuel_use

distances = {}
for i in range(minimum_value, maximum_value+1):
	distances[i] = 0
	for crab in initial:
		if i > crab:
			distance = i - crab
		elif i < crab:
			distance = crab - i
		else:
			distance = 0
		fuel_use = get_fuel_use(distance)
		distances[i] += fuel_use

minimum_fuel_consumption = 0
first_run = True
for position, fuel_consumption in distances.items():
	if first_run == True:
		minimum_fuel_consumption = fuel_consumption
		first_run = False
	elif fuel_consumption < minimum_fuel_consumption:
		minimum_fuel_consumption = fuel_consumption
print(minimum_fuel_consumption)

Dag 7, del 1:

initial = [1101,1,29,67,1102,0,1,65,1008,65,35,66,1005,66,28,1,67,65,20,4,0,1001,65,1,65,1106,0,8,99,35,67,101,99,105,32,110,39,101,115,116,32,112,97,115,32,117,110,101,32,105,110,116,99,111,100,101,32,112,114,111,103,114,97,109,10,478,1187,253,1892,900,155,20,787,17,248,1397,407,167,686,638,1020,960,124,840,220,1824,700,373,4,551,229,294,567,254,350,1144,679,124,361,145,483,335,202,1334,367,60,870,11,557,482,645,672,1296,1538,427,78,542,1135,13,65,0,140,705,13,642,187,1085,36,1118,349,601,382,584,941,26,949,200,763,198,430,204,1352,1135,210,342,11,1089,830,1523,9,523,167,762,254,805,8,132,29,102,1299,936,756,59,134,183,235,316,139,48,182,44,88,213,113,93,169,565,601,1899,1191,189,796,770,32,1183,365,374,867,918,1084,86,75,20,47,99,1140,2,99,1024,366,455,752,556,1220,66,326,450,213,1,342,756,49,675,160,280,68,221,193,379,88,179,94,16,109,570,1145,1207,824,355,1389,1601,168,86,236,923,120,759,14,478,460,84,167,1723,1005,269,6,171,861,311,832,952,701,3,1598,1466,96,780,57,161,631,572,276,105,594,276,17,405,688,1444,173,23,199,177,689,19,565,472,151,986,76,379,1430,212,928,106,25,143,84,833,942,860,1555,271,239,720,596,1209,235,535,361,1794,79,283,275,17,342,1687,1434,173,967,740,217,1370,18,1579,1259,546,94,623,475,834,1000,456,101,520,120,1023,360,167,213,617,42,1149,629,760,17,33,27,1347,414,646,1116,1340,134,259,143,407,249,328,968,677,241,438,98,313,27,791,1,634,3,918,1482,213,123,444,45,24,26,26,1203,64,67,1562,1,4,298,12,384,32,443,37,268,674,356,202,286,694,272,163,950,1022,54,59,21,73,519,462,106,76,1112,10,72,388,194,6,120,9,645,209,1121,75,599,362,661,439,69,62,339,390,23,1247,365,1266,4,246,511,47,467,134,276,497,130,458,427,669,1191,701,917,168,1191,294,641,236,801,375,106,872,800,87,356,583,1096,253,459,951,1331,719,66,1091,525,15,370,290,141,1201,30,43,37,76,1131,616,297,172,402,1016,654,301,63,872,303,69,1195,502,351,52,1659,86,104,294,807,166,120,190,333,60,283,819,198,184,144,278,343,1395,496,103,705,485,172,642,225,181,583,188,38,436,801,91,5,634,180,28,20,146,488,676,121,420,965,220,1564,1011,241,423,3,1631,709,106,725,164,1032,65,205,503,188,397,1072,49,121,761,721,249,418,87,126,258,712,500,435,157,127,681,108,270,647,504,505,83,407,212,165,1177,160,715,1292,491,195,141,25,829,1316,242,754,364,1707,33,594,434,488,368,298,183,1156,29,1674,537,378,8,9,860,240,571,749,471,331,501,156,62,427,1103,52,12,832,1198,284,388,827,556,194,288,218,397,84,1485,95,401,739,986,994,305,668,1324,1437,312,993,15,822,923,707,135,42,423,37,1183,1344,997,19,699,395,119,7,168,1711,50,151,38,20,163,686,1364,21,24,411,32,335,188,55,628,274,1766,439,180,286,1024,87,15,1498,290,561,971,32,294,67,113,219,42,18,715,3,664,242,583,221,1045,236,74,46,1612,639,325,164,100,69,518,38,502,26,329,112,1174,127,124,90,144,527,468,152,1098,800,125,349,191,290,191,27,651,446,267,9,1304,269,586,64,983,152,236,512,8,248,177,109,311,957,47,126,69,13,709,204,381,1151,580,340,994,865,258,190,9,1149,930,1128,321,100,471,0,507,1308,326,585,813,1088,76,174,333,387,631,186,430,988,24,820,11,45,173,167,1494,98,1467,456,167,21,1363,1173,394,318,1601,1111,1249,757,282,672,1227,1214,277,336,815,136,1192,681,689,431,130,1488,154,465,14,709,339,1123,68,151,1280,143,1797,23,250,1231,1007,302,1103,2,585,552,1732,994,225,771,1495,82,229,700,910,15,38,159,1122,316,1044,711,1436,920,1722,523,1398,188,443,1032,93,33,397,272,187,24,489,53,79,1277,671,1094,68,1705,984,1096,512,145,389,167,161,1174,94,4,534,1295,648,75,24,366,995,175,220,714,843,412,267,634,1209,66,1094,125,822,1114,1513,694,1520,30,676,817,245,26,77,1146,552,143,165,39,343,971,87,0,90,1434,588,616,99,297,1034,114,5,702,917,582,733,31,54,820,0,212,192,282,33,639,1661,460,75,680,115,178,194,271,274,582,1008,89,139,611,707,0,376,65,9,161,135,40,134,566,66,601,95,817,745,202,352,447,322,842,6,1247,175,468,330,608,368,139,21,29,486,121,9,1293,298,73,328,302,145,889,1794,677,56,952,520,80]
minimum_value = min(initial)
maximum_value = max(initial)

distances = {}
for i in range(minimum_value, maximum_value+1):
	distances[i] = 0
	for crab in initial:
		if i > crab:
			distance = i - crab
		elif i < crab:
			distance = crab - i
		else:
			distance = 0
		distances[i] += distance

minimum_fuel_consumption = 0
first_run = True
for position, fuel_consumption in distances.items():
	if first_run == True:
		minimum_fuel_consumption = fuel_consumption
		first_run = False
	elif fuel_consumption < minimum_fuel_consumption:
		minimum_fuel_consumption = fuel_consumption
print(minimum_fuel_consumption)

Dag 6, del 2:

initial = [3,4,1,1,5,1,3,1,1,3,5,1,1,5,3,2,4,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,5,1,1,1,1,1,3,1,1,5,4,1,1,1,4,1,1,1,1,2,3,2,5,1,5,1,2,1,1,1,4,1,1,1,1,3,1,1,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,3,4,2,1,3,1,1,2,1,1,2,1,5,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,4,1,1,1,1,5,1,4,1,1,1,3,3,1,3,1,3,1,4,1,1,1,1,1,4,5,1,1,3,2,2,5,5,4,3,1,2,1,1,1,4,1,3,4,1,1,1,1,2,1,1,3,2,1,1,1,1,1,4,1,1,1,4,4,5,2,1,1,1,1,1,2,4,2,1,1,1,2,1,1,2,1,5,1,5,2,5,5,1,1,3,1,4,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,4,1,1,4,1,1,1,1,1,2,1,2,1,1,1,5,1,1,3,5,1,1,5,5,3,5,3,4,1,1,1,3,1,1,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,5,1,3,1,5,1,1,4,1,3,1,1,1,2,1,1,1,2,1,5,1,1,1,1,4,1,3,2,3,4,1,3,5,3,4,1,4,4,4,1,3,2,4,1,4,1,1,2,1,3,1,5,5,1,5,1,1,1,5,2,1,2,3,1,4,3,3,4,3]

counts = {
	0: 0,
	1: 0,
	2: 0,
	3: 0,
	4: 0,
	5: 0,
	6: 0,
	7: 0,
	8: 0,
}

for i in initial:
	counts[i] += 1

for day in range(1,257):
	new_spawn_and_reset = counts[0]
	for i in range(0,9):
		if i < 8:
			counts[i] = counts[i+1]
		if i == 6:
			counts[i] += new_spawn_and_reset
		if i == 8:
			counts[i] = new_spawn_and_reset

sum_of_counts = 0
for key, value in counts.items():
	sum_of_counts += value
print("fish: ", sum_of_counts)

Dag 6, del 1:

initial = [3,4,1,1,5,1,3,1,1,3,5,1,1,5,3,2,4,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,5,1,1,1,1,1,3,1,1,5,4,1,1,1,4,1,1,1,1,2,3,2,5,1,5,1,2,1,1,1,4,1,1,1,1,3,1,1,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,3,4,2,1,3,1,1,2,1,1,2,1,5,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,4,1,1,1,1,5,1,4,1,1,1,3,3,1,3,1,3,1,4,1,1,1,1,1,4,5,1,1,3,2,2,5,5,4,3,1,2,1,1,1,4,1,3,4,1,1,1,1,2,1,1,3,2,1,1,1,1,1,4,1,1,1,4,4,5,2,1,1,1,1,1,2,4,2,1,1,1,2,1,1,2,1,5,1,5,2,5,5,1,1,3,1,4,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,4,1,1,4,1,1,1,1,1,2,1,2,1,1,1,5,1,1,3,5,1,1,5,5,3,5,3,4,1,1,1,3,1,1,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,5,1,3,1,5,1,1,4,1,3,1,1,1,2,1,1,1,2,1,5,1,1,1,1,4,1,3,2,3,4,1,3,5,3,4,1,4,4,4,1,3,2,4,1,4,1,1,2,1,3,1,5,5,1,5,1,1,1,5,2,1,2,3,1,4,3,3,4,3]
for day in range(1,81):
	index = 0
	for fish in initial:
		fish -= 1
		if fish == -1:
			fish = 6
			initial.append(9)
		initial[index] = fish
		index += 1
print(len(initial))

Dag 5, del 2:

straight_lines = []
diagonal_lines = []
x_values = []
y_values = []
with open("input_day5.txt", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		f = f.replace("\n","")
		x1 = int(f[:f.index(",")])
		y1 = int(f[f.index(",")+1:f.index(" -> ")])
		x2 = int(f[f.index(" -> ")+4:f.index(",",f.index(" -> ")+4)])
		y2 = int(f[f.index(",",f.index(" -> "))+1:])
		x_values.append(x1)
		x_values.append(x2)
		y_values.append(y1)
		y_values.append(y2)
		if x1 == x2 or y1 == y2:
			straight_lines.append([(x1, y1), (x2, y2)])
		elif x1 != x2 and y1 != y2:
			diagonal_lines.append([(x1, y1), (x2, y2)])

coordinates = {}
for x in range(max(x_values)+1):
	for y in range(max(y_values)+1):
		coordinates[str(x) + "," + str(y)] = 0

def add_line_to_coordinates(x,y):
	key = str(x) + "," + str(y)
	coordinates[key] += 1

for line in diagonal_lines:
	if line[0][0] > line[1][0] and line[0][1] > line[1][1]:
		number_of_coordinates = line[0][0] - line[1][0]
		for i in range(number_of_coordinates + 1):
			add_line_to_coordinates(line[1][0] + i, line[1][1] + i)
	elif line[0][0] > line[1][0] and line[0][1] < line[1][1]:
		number_of_coordinates = line[0][0] - line[1][0]
		for i in range(number_of_coordinates + 1):
			add_line_to_coordinates(line[1][0] + i, line[1][1] - i)
	elif line[0][0] < line[1][0] and line[0][1] > line[1][1]:
		number_of_coordinates = line[1][0] - line[0][0]
		for i in range(number_of_coordinates + 1):
			add_line_to_coordinates(line[0][0] + i, line[0][1] - i)
	elif line[0][0] < line[1][0] and line[0][1] < line[1][1]:
		number_of_coordinates = line[1][0] - line[0][0]
		for i in range(number_of_coordinates + 1):
			add_line_to_coordinates(line[0][0] + i, line[0][1] + i)	
	
for line in straight_lines:
	if line[0][0] == line[1][0]:		# x values are equal
		if line[0][1] < line[1][1]:		# first y value is lowest
			for i in range(line[0][1], line[1][1]+1):
				add_line_to_coordinates(line[0][0], i)
		elif line[0][1] > line[1][1]:	# second y value is lowest
			for i in range(line[1][1], line[0][1]+1):
				add_line_to_coordinates(line[0][0], i)
		else:							# y values are equal, so only one point
			add_line_to_coordinates(line[0][0], line[0][1])
	else:								# y values are equeal
		if line[0][0] < line[1][0]:		# first x value is lowest
			for i in range(line[0][0], line[1][0]+1):
				add_line_to_coordinates(i, line[0][1])
		elif line[0][0] > line[1][0]:	# second x value is lowest
			for i in range(line[1][0], line[0][0]+1):
				add_line_to_coordinates(i, line[0][1])
		else:
			add_line_to_coordinates(line[0][0], line[0][1])

double_hits = 0
for coordinate, number_of_hits in coordinates.items():
	if number_of_hits > 1:
		double_hits += 1
print(double_hits)

Dag 5, del 1:

straight_lines = []
x_values = []
y_values = []
with open("input_day5.txt", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		f = f.replace("\n","")
		x1 = int(f[:f.index(",")])
		y1 = int(f[f.index(",")+1:f.index(" -> ")])
		x2 = int(f[f.index(" -> ")+4:f.index(",",f.index(" -> ")+4)])
		y2 = int(f[f.index(",",f.index(" -> "))+1:])
		if x1 == x2 or y1 == y2:
			x_values.append(x1)
			x_values.append(x2)
			y_values.append(y1)
			y_values.append(y2)
			straight_lines.append([(x1, y1), (x2, y2)])

coordinates = {}
for x in range(max(x_values)+1):
	for y in range(max(y_values)+1):
		coordinates[str(x) + "," + str(y)] = 0

def add_line_to_coordinates(x,y):
	key = str(x) + "," + str(y)
	coordinates[key] += 1

for line in straight_lines:
	if line[0][0] == line[1][0]:		# x values are equal
		if line[0][1] < line[1][1]:		# first y value is lowest
			for i in range(line[0][1], line[1][1]+1):
				add_line_to_coordinates(line[0][0], i)
		elif line[0][1] > line[1][1]:	# second y value is lowest
			for i in range(line[1][1], line[0][1]+1):
				add_line_to_coordinates(line[0][0], i)
		else:							# y values are equal, so only one point
			add_line_to_coordinates(line[0][0], line[0][1])
	else:								# y values are equeal
		if line[0][0] < line[1][0]:		# first x value is lowest
			for i in range(line[0][0], line[1][0]+1):
				add_line_to_coordinates(i, line[0][1])
		elif line[0][0] > line[1][0]:	# second x value is lowest
			for i in range(line[1][0], line[0][0]+1):
				add_line_to_coordinates(i, line[0][1])
		else:
			add_line_to_coordinates(line[0][0], line[0][1])

double_hits = 0
for coordinate, number_of_hits in coordinates.items():
	if number_of_hits > 1:
		double_hits += 1
print(double_hits)

Dag 4, del 2:

boards = []
with open("input_day4.txt", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	counter = 0
	sub_counter = 0
	board = []
	for f in fin:
		if counter == 0:
			f = f.replace("\n","")
			drawn_numbers = f.split(",")
		elif f == '\n':
			sub_counter = 0
			board = []
		else:
			if f[0] == " ":
				f = f[1:]
			if "  " in f:
				f = f.replace("  "," ")
			f = f.replace("\n","")
			board.extend(f.split(" "))
			sub_counter += 1
		if sub_counter == 5:
			board = [b.replace("\n","") for b in board]
			boards.append(board)
		counter = 1

def check_board(board):
	i = 0
	while i < 26:
		d_count = 0
		for number in board[i:i+5]:
			if 'd' in number:
				d_count += 1
				if d_count == 5:
					return True
		i += 5	
	row = 0
	while row < 5:
		i = row
		d_count = 0
		while i < row + 25:
			if 'd' in board[i]:
				d_count += 1
				if d_count == 5:
					return True
			i += 5
		row += 1	

def calculate_score(board, draw):
	sum_of_numbers = 0
	for number in board:
		if not 'd' in number:
			sum_of_numbers += int(number)
	return sum_of_numbers * int(draw)

winning_boards = []
scores = []

draw_counter = 0
end_loop = False
for draw in drawn_numbers:
	board_counter = 0
	for board in boards:
		if board not in winning_boards:
			number_counter = 0
			for number in board:
				if number == draw:
					boards[board_counter][number_counter] += 'd'
				number_counter += 1
			bingo = check_board(board)
			if bingo == True:
				winning_boards.append(board)
				scores.append(calculate_score(board, draw))
		board_counter += 1	
	draw_counter += 1

print(scores[-1])

Dag 4, del 1:

boards = []
with open("input_day4.txt", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	counter = 0
	sub_counter = 0
	board = []
	for f in fin:
		if counter == 0:
			f = f.replace("\n","")
			drawn_numbers = f.split(",")
		elif f == '\n':
			sub_counter = 0
			board = []
		else:
			if f[0] == " ":
				f = f[1:]
			if "  " in f:
				f = f.replace("  "," ")
			f = f.replace("\n","")
			board.extend(f.split(" "))
			sub_counter += 1
		if sub_counter == 5:
			board = [b.replace("\n","") for b in board]
			boards.append(board)
		counter = 1

def check_board(board):
	i = 0
	while i < 26:
		d_count = 0
		for number in board[i:i+5]:
			if 'd' in number:
				d_count += 1
				if d_count == 5:
					return True
		i += 5	
	row = 0
	while row < 5:
		i = row
		d_count = 0
		while i < row + 25:
			if 'd' in board[i]:
				d_count += 1
				if d_count == 5:
					return True
			i += 5
		row += 1	

def calculate_score(board, draw):
	sum_of_numbers = 0
	for number in board:
		if not 'd' in number:
			sum_of_numbers += int(number)
	return sum_of_numbers * int(draw)

def play_bingo():
	draw_counter = 0
	end_loop = False
	for draw in drawn_numbers:
		board_counter = 0
		for board in boards:
			number_counter = 0
			for number in board:
				if number == draw:
					boards[board_counter][number_counter] += 'd'
				number_counter += 1
			bingo = check_board(board)
			if bingo == True:
				return calculate_score(board, draw)
			board_counter += 1	
		draw_counter += 1

score = play_bingo()
print(score)

Dag 3, del 2:

rates = []
with open("input_day3", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		rates.append(f)

oxygen_rates = rates
co2_rates = rates

for i in range(len(rates[0])-1):
	zero_count = 0
	one_count = 0
	for rate in oxygen_rates:
		if rate[i] == '0':
			zero_count += 1
		elif rate[i] == '1':
			one_count += 1
	if zero_count > one_count:
		oxygen_rates = [rate for rate in oxygen_rates if rate[i] == '0']
	elif one_count > zero_count or one_count == zero_count:
		oxygen_rates = [rate for rate in oxygen_rates if rate[i] == '1']
	
	if len(oxygen_rates) == 1:
		oxygen = oxygen_rates[0]
	
	zero_count = 0
	one_count = 0
	for rate in co2_rates:
		if rate[i] == '0':
			zero_count += 1
		elif rate[i] == '1':
			one_count += 1
	if zero_count > one_count:
		co2_rates = [rate for rate in co2_rates if rate[i] == '1']
	elif one_count > zero_count or one_count == zero_count:
		co2_rates = [rate for rate in co2_rates if rate[i] == '0']

	if len(co2_rates) == 1:
		co2 = co2_rates[0]
	
print(int(oxygen,2)*int(co2,2))

Dag 3, del 1:

rates = []
with open("input_day3", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		rates.append(f)

gamma_rate = ""
epsilon_rate = ""
for i in range(len(rates[0])-1):
	zero_count = 0
	one_count = 0
	for rate in rates:
		if int(rate[i]) == 0:
			zero_count += 1
		elif int(rate[i]) == 1:
			one_count += 1
	if zero_count > one_count:
		gamma_rate += '0'
		epsilon_rate += '1'
	else:
		gamma_rate += '1'
		epsilon_rate += '0'	
print(int(gamma_rate,2) * int(epsilon_rate,2))

Dag 2, del 2:

increase_count = 0
loop_count = 0
position_list = []
with open("input_day2.txt", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		position_list.append(f)

horisontal_position = 0
aim = 0
depth = 0
for move in position_list:
	if 'forward ' in move:
		number = int(move.replace('forward ',''))
		horisontal_position += number
		if aim > 0:
			depth += number * aim
	elif 'down ' in move:
		number = int(move.replace('down ',''))
		aim += number
	elif 'up ' in move:
		number = int(move.replace('up ',''))
		aim -= number
	else:
		breakpoint()
print(horisontal_position*depth)

Dag 2, del 1:

increase_count = 0
loop_count = 0
position_list = []
with open("input_day2.txt", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		position_list.append(f)

forward_position = 0
depth = 0
for move in position_list:
	if 'forward ' in move:
		number = int(move.replace('forward ',''))
		forward_position += number
	elif 'down ' in move:
		number = int(move.replace('down ',''))
		depth += number
	elif 'up ' in move:
		number = int(move.replace('up ',''))
		depth -= number
	else:
		breakpoint()
print(forward_position*depth)

Dag 1, del 2:

increase_count = 0
loop_count = 0
number_list = []
with open("input.txt", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		number_list.append(int(f))

index_start = 0
index_end = 3
while index_end <= len(number_list):
	print(number_list[index_start:index_end])
	if loop_count == 0:
		last_sum = sum(number_list[index_start:index_end])
		loop_count += 1
		index_start += 1
		index_end += 1
	else:
		new_sum = sum(number_list[index_start:index_end])
		if new_sum > last_sum:
			increase_count += 1
		index_start += 1
		index_end += 1
		last_sum = new_sum
print(increase_count)

Dag 1, del 1:

increase_count = 0
loop_count = 0
with open("input.txt", "r", encoding="utf8") as fin:
	for f in fin:
		number = int(f)
		if loop_count == 0:
			last_number = number
			loop_count += 1
			continue
		else:
			if number > last_number:
				increase_count += 1
			last_number = number
print(increase_count)

Optimering af indsamling af Borgerforslagsdata

For et par uger siden skrev jeg om en lille robot, jeg har lavet, der tjekker antallet af stemmer per borgerforslag på borgerforslag.dk.

Første udgave af robotten gemte det aktuelle stemmeantal for hvert aktivt borgerforslag hvert 10. minut, og da der både er en del borgerforslag og en del minutter, blev det ret hurtigt til ret mange registreringer i min database.

Jeg kom i tanke om, at det kun er nødvendigt at gemme stemmeantallet, når stemmeantallet har ændret sig siden sidste registrering. Hvis et forslag er viralt, registreres stemmeantallet stadigvæk hvert 10. minut. Hvis et forslag er døende, kan der gå meget længere tid mellem hver registrering.

Her er den nye udgave af robotten, som tjekker om der findes andre registreringer af samme forslag med samme stemmeantal, og kun gemmer antal stemmer, hvis der ikke gør:

import requests
from datetime import datetime
import locale
import psycopg2
from psycopg2 import Error

# Locale is set to Danish to parse dates correctly
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_TIME, ('da_DK', 'UTF-8'))

# API url
url = 'https://www.borgerforslag.dk/api/proposals/search'

# Query parameters
suggestions_per_request = 300
params_json = {
	"filter": "active",
	"sortOrder": "NewestFirst",
	"searchQuery":"",
	"pageNumber":0,
	"pageSize": suggestions_per_request
}

# Connect to database
try:
	connection = psycopg2.connect(user = "",
									password = "",
									host = "",
									port = "",
									database = "")
	cursor = connection.cursor()
except (Exception, psycopg2.Error) as error:
	print ("Error while connecting to PostgreSQL", error)

now = datetime.utcnow()

# Insert into database function
def insert_suggestion_and_votes(connection, suggestion):
	with connection:
		with connection.cursor() as cur:
			try:
				# By default, votes are inserted, except when no new votes have been added
				# This variable is used to keep track of whether votes should be inserted
				insert_votes = True
				
				# See if suggestion already exists in table table borgerforslag_suggestion
				sql = '''SELECT * FROM borgerforslag_suggestion WHERE unique_id = %s'''
				cur.execute(sql, (suggestion['externalId'],))
				suggestion_records = cur.fetchone()
				# If suggestion does not already exist, add suggestion to table borgerforslag_suggestion
				if not suggestion_records:
					suggestion_data = (suggestion['externalId'],suggestion['title'],suggestion['date'],suggestion['url'],suggestion['status'])
					sql = '''INSERT INTO borgerforslag_suggestion(unique_id,title,suggested_date,url,status) VALUES(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s) RETURNING id'''
					cur.execute(sql, suggestion_data)
					id = cur.fetchone()[0]
				# If yes, get id of already added suggestion
				else:
					id = suggestion_records[0]
					# Check in table table borgerforslag_vote whether a record with the same number of votes exists.
					# If it does, no need to save votes
					sql = '''SELECT * FROM borgerforslag_vote WHERE suggestion_id = %s AND votes = %s'''
					cur.execute(sql, (id,suggestion['votes']))
					vote_record = cur.fetchone()
					if vote_record:
						insert_votes = False

				# Add votes to table borgerforslag_vote (if suggestion is new or vote count has changed since last run)
				if insert_votes == True:
					sql = '''INSERT INTO borgerforslag_vote(suggestion_id,timestamp,votes)
					VALUES(%s,%s,%s)'''
					cur.execute(sql, (id,now,suggestion['votes']))
			except Error as e:
				print(e, suggestion)

# Loop preparation
requested_results = 0
number_of_results = requested_results + 1
number_of_loops = 0

# Loop to get suggestions and add them to database
while requested_results < number_of_results and number_of_loops < 10:
	response = requests.post(url, json=params_json)
	json_response = response.json()
	number_of_results = json_response['resultCount']
	requested_results += suggestions_per_request
	number_of_loops += 1
	params_json['pageNumber'] += 1
	for suggestion in json_response['data']:
		suggestion['date'] = datetime.strptime(suggestion['date'], '%d. %B %Y')	# convert date to datetime
		insert_suggestion_and_votes(connection, suggestion)

Oprydning

Nu hvor jeg fik gjort tempoet, min database vokser med, lidt langsommere, ville jeg også gerne rydde lidt op i de gamle registreringer, hvor jeg jo havde gemt antal stemmer hvert 10. minut, uanset om antallet havde ændret sig.

Det skrev jeg også et lille script til. Her er logikken at jeg henter alle stemmeregistreringer sorteret efter hvilket borgerforslag, de hører til, og dernæst efter tidspunkt for registreringen.

Med rækkefølgen på plads, kan jeg for hver registrering tjekke, om den både vedrører samme borgerforslag som den tidligere registrering, og at stemmeantallet er det samme som den tidligere registrering. Hvis begge dele er sandt, er registreringen overflødig og kan slettes:

import psycopg2
from psycopg2 import Error

# Connect to database
try:
	connection = psycopg2.connect(user = "",
									password = "",
									host = "",
									port = "",
									database = "")
	cursor = connection.cursor()
except (Exception, psycopg2.Error) as error:
	print ("Error while connecting to PostgreSQL", error)

with connection:
	with connection.cursor() as cur:
		sql = '''SELECT "borgerforslag_vote"."id", "borgerforslag_vote"."suggestion_id", "borgerforslag_vote"."timestamp", "borgerforslag_vote"."votes" FROM "borgerforslag_vote" ORDER BY "borgerforslag_vote"."suggestion_id" ASC, "borgerforslag_vote"."timestamp" ASC'''
		cur.execute(sql)
		rows = cur.fetchall()

		previous_vote_number = -1
		previous_vote_suggestion = -1000
		for row in rows:
			votes = row[3]
			suggestion = row[1]
			id = row[0]
			if votes == previous_vote_number and previous_vote_suggestion == suggestion:
				sql = '''DELETE FROM "borgerforslag_vote" WHERE "borgerforslag_vote"."id" = %s'''
				cur.execute(sql, (id, ))
			previous_vote_number = row[3]
			previous_vote_suggestion = row[1]

Test af kandidattest hos DR med Python

Hos Danmarks Radio kan man forsøge at afklare sine holdninger og se, hvilke politikeres holdninger, der ligner mest. Rækken af metodiske problemer med sådan nogle kandidattests er lang, men på Twitter skrev Søren om en mulig skævhed alene i kraft af, at der typisk er “flere kandidater i posen” fra store partier end små:

Twitterspørgsmål og -svar om skævheder i kandidattests

Tobias var først med at komme med et bud, men jeg kunne ikke lade være med selv at prøve at teste hypotesen. Det kom der dette lille program ud af, der fyrer 25.000 tilfældige svar på testen af sted og ser hvad Danmarks Radio svarer tilbage. Læg mærke til at programmet ikke generer 25.000 forskellige tilfældige kombinationer men blot genererer tilfældige kombinationer 25.000 gange. (Det vil sige, at den samme kombination kan forekomme flere gange ud af de 25.000 gange.):

import requests
import random

base_url = 'https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/politik/api/kandidattest/GetMunicipalityMatch?municipality=124&answers='
stats = {}

for i in range(25000):
	try:
		sequence = ",".join([str(random.choice([1,2,4,5])) for i in range(18)])
		response = requests.get(base_url + sequence)
		json = response.json()
		candidate_one_party = json['TopMatches'][0]['CandidateBasic']['Party']
		if candidate_one_party not in stats:
			stats[candidate_one_party] = 1
		else:
			stats[candidate_one_party] += 1
		print(i)	
	except:
		pass

with open('stats.txt', 'w') as output:
	output.write(str(stats))

Det kom der følgende rangliste ud af for Københavns Kommune. Tabellen viser hvor mange gange en kandidat fra partiet var den kandidat, man var mest enig med på baggrund af sine svar i testen:

Parti	Antal	Procent
Socialdemokratiet	4210	17%
Det Konservative Folkeparti	3680	15%
Radikale Venstre	3262	13%
Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti	2632	11%
SF – Socialistisk Folkeparti	2034	8%
Alternativet	1528	6%
Kristendemokraterne	1231	5%
Frihedslisten	1120	4%
Nye Borgerlige	1109	4%
Enhedslisten – De Rød-Grønne	963	4%
Dansk Folkeparti	960	4%
Kommunisterne	606	2%
Veganerpartiet	421	2%
Københavnerlisten	285	1%
Hampepartiet	273	1%
Liberal Alliance	193	1%
Kommunistisk Parti	190	1%
Danmark for Alle	170	1%
Det Demokratiske Parti	67	0%
Bæredygtigt Samfund	43	0%
Rolig Revolution	21	0%
Total	24998	100%

Tabel der viser udfald af partifarve for mest enige kandidater ved 24998 tilfældige udfyldninger af DRs kandidattest til kommunalvalget for Københavns Kommune

Prøv selv, hvis du gider! Og husk: De fleste, der udfylder kandidattests i virkeligheden, slår nok ikke med terning når de vælger svar.

Hvordan udvikler antal underskrifter sig på Borgerforslag.dk?

På Twitter skrev Peter Brodersen:

Peters idé er sjov, synes jeg, så jeg er så småt begyndt at bygge et eller andet, der monitorerer hvordan antallet af underskrifter på borgerforslag udvikler sig over tid.

Så nu tygger min webserver sig igennem nedenstående script hvert 10. minut og gemmer det aktuelle antal underskrifter på hvert borgerforslag. Når der er gået nogle uger, vil jeg se om jeg kan lave nogle interessante visualiseringer af data.

import requests
from datetime import datetime
import locale
import psycopg2
from psycopg2 import Error

### PREPARATION ###
# Locale is set to Danish to be able to parse dates from Borgerforslag
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_TIME, ('da_DK', 'UTF-8'))

# API url and request parameters
url = 'https://www.borgerforslag.dk/api/proposals/search'
suggestions_per_request = 300
params_json = {
	"filter": "active",
	"sortOrder": "NewestFirst",
	"searchQuery":"",
	"pageNumber":0,
	"pageSize": suggestions_per_request
}

# Connect to database
try:
	connection = psycopg2.connect(user = "",
									password = "",
									host = "",
									port = "",
									database = "")
	cursor = connection.cursor()
except (Exception, psycopg2.Error) as error:
	print ("Error while connecting to PostgreSQL", error)

now = datetime.utcnow()

# Insert into database function
def insert_suggestion_and_votes(connection, suggestion):
	with connection:
		with connection.cursor() as cur:
			try:
				# See if suggestion already exists
				sql = '''SELECT * FROM borgerforslag_suggestion WHERE unique_id = %s'''
				cur.execute(sql, (suggestion['externalId'],))
				suggestion_records = cur.fetchone()
				# If not, add suggestion
				if not suggestion_records:
					suggestion_data = (suggestion['externalId'],suggestion['title'],suggestion['date'],suggestion['url'],suggestion['status'])
					sql = '''INSERT INTO borgerforslag_suggestion(unique_id,title,suggested_date,url,status) VALUES(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s) RETURNING id'''
					cur.execute(sql, suggestion_data)
					id = cur.fetchone()[0]
				# If yes, get id
				else:
					id = suggestion_records[0]
			
				# Add votes
				sql = '''INSERT INTO borgerforslag_vote(suggestion_id,timestamp,votes)
				VALUES(%s,%s,%s)'''
				cur.execute(sql, (id,now,suggestion['votes']))
			except Error as e:
				print(e, suggestion)

# Loop preparation
requested_results = 0
number_of_results = requested_results + 1
number_of_loops = 0

# Loop to get suggestions and add them to database
while requested_results < number_of_results and number_of_loops < 10:
	response = requests.post(url, json=params_json)
	json_response = response.json()
	number_of_results = json_response['resultCount']
	requested_results += suggestions_per_request
	number_of_loops += 1
	params_json['pageNumber'] += 1
	for suggestion in json_response['data']:
		suggestion['date'] = datetime.strptime(suggestion['date'], '%d. %B %Y')	# convert date to datetime
		insert_suggestion_and_votes(connection, suggestion)

Opdateret program til at hent kurser på dine værdipapirer hos Nordnet

Nordnet har opdateret deres loginprocedure, så her er et dugfrist program til at hente kurser hos Nordnet – eller Morningstar, hvis Nordnet skulle fejle:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Author: Morten Helmstedt. E-mail: helmstedt@gmail.com
""" This program extracts historical stock prices from Nordnet (and Morningstar as a fallback) """

import requests
from datetime import datetime
from datetime import date

# Nordnet user account credentials
user = ''
password = ''

# DATE AND STOCK DATA. SHOULD BE EDITED FOR YOUR NEEDS #

# Start date (start of historical price period)
startdate = '2013-01-01'

# List of shares to look up prices for.
# Format is: Name, Morningstar id, Nordnet stock identifier
# See e.g. https://www.nordnet.dk/markedet/aktiekurser/16256554-novo-nordisk-b
# (identifier is 16256554)
# All shares must have a name (whatever you like). To get prices they must
# either have a Nordnet identifier or a Morningstar id
sharelist = [
	["Maj Invest Danske Obligationer","F0GBR064UX",16099874],
	["Novo Nordisk B A/S","0P0000A5BQ",16256554],
]

# A variable to store historical prices before saving to csv	
finalresult = ""
finalresult += '"date";"price";"instrument"' + '\n'

# LOGIN TO NORDNET #

session = requests.Session()

# Setting cookies prior to login by visiting login page
url = 'https://www.nordnet.dk/logind'
request = session.get(url)

# Update headers for login
session.headers['client-id'] = 'NEXT'
session.headers['sub-client-id'] = 'NEXT'

# Actual login
url = 'https://www.nordnet.dk/api/2/authentication/basic/login'
request = session.post(url, data = {'username': user, 'password': password})

# LOOPS TO REQUEST HISTORICAL PRICES AT NORDNET AND MORNINGSTAR #

# Nordnet loop to get historical prices
nordnet_fail = []

for share in sharelist:
	# Nordnet stock identifier and market number must both exist
	if share[2]:
		url = "https://www.nordnet.dk/api/2/instruments/historical/prices/" + str(share[2])
		payload = {"from": startdate, "fields": "last"}
		data = session.get(url, params=payload)
		jsondecode = data.json()
		
		# Sometimes the final date is returned twice. A list is created to check for duplicates.
		datelist = []
		if jsondecode[0]['prices']:
			try:
				for value in jsondecode[0]['prices']:
					if 'last' in value:
						price = str(value['last'])
					elif 'close_nav' in value:
						price = str(value['close_nav'])
					price = price.replace(".",",")
					date = datetime.fromtimestamp(value['time'] / 1000)
					date = datetime.strftime(date, '%Y-%m-%d')
					# Only adds a date if it has not been added before
					if date not in datelist:
						datelist.append(date)
						finalresult += '"' + date + '"' + ";" + '"' + price + '"' + ";" + '"' + share[0] + '"' + "\n"
			except Exception as error:
				print(error)
				breakpoint()
		# No price data returned! Try another method!
		else:
			nordnet_fail.append(share)

if nordnet_fail:
	print(nordnet_fail)
	# Morningstar loop to get historical prices			
	for share in nordnet_fail:
		# Only runs for one specific fund in this instance
		payload = {"id": share[1], "currencyId": "DKK", "idtype": "Morningstar", "frequency": "daily", "startDate": startdate, "outputType": "COMPACTJSON"}
		data = requests.get("http://tools.morningstar.dk/api/rest.svc/timeseries_price/nen6ere626", params=payload)
		jsondecode = data.json()
		
		for lists in jsondecode:
			price = str(lists[1])
			price = price.replace(".",",")
			date = datetime.fromtimestamp(lists[0] / 1000)
			date = datetime.strftime(date, '%Y-%m-%d')
			finalresult += '"' + date + '"' + ";" + '"' + price + '"' + ";" + '"' + share[0] + '"' + "\n"
		
# WRITE CSV OUTPUT TO FILE #			

with open("kurser.csv", "w", newline='', encoding='utf8') as fout:
	fout.write(finalresult)

Opdateret program til at hente transaktioner hos Nordnet

Nordnet har opdateret deres login-procedure, så jeg har også opdateret mit Python-script til at logge ind på Nordnet og hente transaktioner. Her er den nye version.

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Author: Morten Helmstedt. E-mail: helmstedt@gmail.com
""" This program logs into a Nordnet account and extracts transactions as a csv file.
Handy for exporting to Excel with as few manual steps as possible """

import requests 
from datetime import datetime
from datetime import date

# USER ACCOUNT, PORTFOLIO AND PERIOD DATA. SHOULD BE EDITED FOR YOUR NEEDS #

# Nordnet user account credentials and accounts/portfolios names (choose yourself) and numbers.
# To get account numbers go to https://www.nordnet.dk/transaktioner and change
# between accounts. The number after "accid=" in the new URL is your account number.
# If you have only one account, your account number is 1.
user = ''
password = ''
accounts = {
	'Nordnet: Frie midler': '1',
	'Nordnet: Ratepension': '3',
}

# Start date (start of period for transactions) and date today used for extraction of transactions
startdate = '2013-01-01'
today = date.today()
enddate = datetime.strftime(today, '%Y-%m-%d')

# Manual data lines. These can be used if you have portfolios elsewhere that you would
# like to add manually to the data set. If no manual data the variable manualdataexists
# should be set to False
manualdataexists = True
manualdata = '''
Id;Bogføringsdag;Handelsdag;Valørdag;Depot;Transaktionstype;Værdipapirer;Værdipapirtype;ISIN;Antal;Kurs;Rente;Samlede afgifter;Samlede afgifter Valuta ;Beløb;Valuta;Indkøbsværdi;Resultat;Totalt antal;Saldo;Vekslingskurs;Transaktionstekst;Makuleringsdato;Notanummer;Verifikationsnummer;Kurtage;Kurtage Valuta;Depotnavn
;30-09-2013;30-09-2013;30-09-2013;;KØBT;Obligationer 3,5%;Obligationer;;72000;;;;;-69.891,54;DKK;;;;;;;;;;;;Frie midler: Finansbanken
'''

# A variable to store transactions before saving to csv
transactions = ''

# LOGIN TO NORDNET #
session = requests.Session()

# Setting cookies prior to login by visiting login page
url = 'https://www.nordnet.dk/logind'
request = session.get(url)

# Update headers for login
session.headers['client-id'] = 'NEXT'
session.headers['sub-client-id'] = 'NEXT'

# Actual login
url = 'https://www.nordnet.dk/api/2/authentication/basic/login'
request = session.post(url, data = {'username': user, 'password': password})


# GET ACCOUNT(S) TRANSACTION DATA #

# Payload and url for transaction requests
payload = {
	'locale': 'da-DK',
	'from': startdate,
	'to': enddate,
}

url = 'https://www.nordnet.dk/mediaapi/transaction/csv/filtered'

firstaccount = True
for portfolioname, id in accounts.items():
	payload['account_id'] = id
	data = session.get(url, params=payload)
	result = data.content.decode('utf-16')
	result = result.replace('\t',';')
	result = result.splitlines()
	
	firstline = True
	for line in result:
		# For first account and first line, we use headers and add an additional column
		if line and firstline == True and firstaccount == True:
			transactions += line + ';' + 'Depotnavn' + '\n'
			firstaccount = False
			firstline = False
		# First lines of additional accounts are discarded
		elif line and firstline == True and firstaccount == False:
			firstline = False
		# Content lines are added
		elif line and firstline == False:
			# Fix because Nordnet sometimes adds one empty column too many
			if line.count(';') == 27:
				line = line.replace('; ',' ')
			transactions += line + ';' + portfolioname + '\n'

# ADD MANUAL LINES IF ANY #
if manualdataexists == True:
	manualdata = manualdata.split("\n",2)[2]
	transactions += manualdata				

# WRITE CSV OUTPUT TO FILE #
with open("transactions.csv", "w", encoding='utf8') as fout:
	fout.write(transactions)